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No.000281 Centering Mechanism
89
89
A single cylinder centering mechanism
Relevant category
Cantilever Shafts
| Product name | Cantilever Shafts - Pilot Type - Standard, Threaded, with Tapped End |
|---|---|
| Part number | SFXCB15-18-F29-G6-MA8 |
* Orange colored cells in the table below indicate the part numbers used in this example.
Selection criteria
Select the standard item to use as the fulcrum of the link rotation
Available sizes
■Cantilever Shafts - Pilot Type - Standard, Threaded, with Tapped End
| Material | Surface Treatment |
|---|---|
| 1045 Carbon Steel | Black Oxide |
| Electroless Nickel Plating | |
| 304 Stainless Steel | - |
■Sizes and Dimensions
| Pin Dia. (mm) | (1 mm Increments) | M(Coarse) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Y | F | G | N | ||
| 6 | 2－60 | 5－100 | 5-10 | 6-12 | M6 |
| 8 | 8-16 | M8 | |||
| 10 | 10-20 | M10 | |||
| 12 | 10－150 | 5-15 | 12-24 | M12 | |
| 13 | |||||
| 15 | |||||
| 16 | |||||
| 17 | 5-20 | ||||
| 18 | |||||
| 20 | 4－75 | 20-40 | M20 | ||
| M16 | |||||
| 22 | M20 | ||||
| M16 | |||||
| 25 | M20 | ||||
| M16 | |||||
| 30 | M20 | ||||
| M16 | |||||
Accuracy Info
■Accuracy of Cantilever Shafts
Perpendicularity: 0.02
| Pin Dia. (mm) | Tolerance g6 (mm) |
|---|---|
| 6 | -0.004 -0.012 |
| 8 | -0.005 -0.014 |
| 10 | |
| 12 | -0.006 -0.017 |
| 13 | |
| 15 | |
| 16 | |
| 17 | |
| 18 | |
| 20 | -0.007 -0.020 |
| 22 | |
| 25 | |
| 30 |
Linear Guide
| Product name | Miniature Linear Guide - Short Block |
|---|---|
| Part number | SSEBSZ13L-70 |
| Features | 20% more compact than standard blocks. |
* Orange colored cells in the table below indicate the part numbers used in this example.
Selection criteria
Select a linear guide to obtain the accurate motion of claws.
Available sizes
■Miniature Linear Guide - Short Block
| Material | Hardness |
|---|---|
| Stainless Steel | 56 HRC or more |
| Carbon Steel (Alloy Steel including SCM) | 58 HRC or More |
■Sizes and Dimensions
| Overall Height | Block Width | Block Length | Rail Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 17 | 19.6 | 40～130 |
| 10 | 20 | 22.9 | 35～275 |
| 13 | 27 | 27 | 45～470 |
| 16 | 32 | 32.7 | 70～670 |
Selection steps
■Miniature Linear Guide Selection Steps
- Determine conditions of use
- (Moving mass, feed rate, motion pattern, life)
↓
- Temporary select linear guide specifications
- (Block type, overall height, rail length are temporarily selected
according to the conditions of use.)
↓
- Basic safety check
-
- Allowable Load
- Operating Life
- Preload
Accuracy Info
■Preload and Accuracy Standards (Normal Preload, Slight Clearance type)
Light Preload, Slight Clearance Type
| Light Preload High Grade | Slight Clearance Standard Grade | |
|---|---|---|
| Radial Clearance | -3～0 | 0～+15 |
| Dimensional Accuracy(μm) | High Grade | Standard Grade | |
|---|---|---|---|
| H Dimension Tolerance | ±20 | ±20 | |
| Pair Variation of H | 15 | 40 | |
| W2 Dimension Tolerance | ±25 | ±25 | |
| Pair Variation of H | 20 | 40 | |
■Running Parallelism
(μm）
| Rail Length(mm) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ～50 | 51～80 | 81～125 | 126～200 | 201～250 | 251～315 | 316～400 | 401～500 | 501～630 | 631～800 | |
| High Grade | 3 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 13.5 | 14 |
| Standard Grade | 13 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 21 | 21.5 |
* The slight clearance type has clearances (play) between the rails and blocks.
Performance info.
■Load Rating of Miniature Linear Guides (Short Blocks, Light Preload / Slight Clearance Type)
| Overall Height | Basic Load Rating | Allowable Static Moment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C (Dynamic) kN | Co (Static) kN | MA N・m | MB N・m | Mc N・m | |
| 8 | 0.79 | 1.27 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 4.6 |
| 10 | 1.16 | 1.68 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 7.9 |
| 13 | 1.63 | 2.38 | 5.2 | 4.4 | 14.8 |
| 16 | 3.08 | 4.23 | 12.3 | 10.3 | 32.6 |
Technical calculations
Operating Life Calculation for Linear Guides
- Operating Life
- When the linear guide is loaded in linear reciprocating motion, scaly damages called flaking appear due to material fatigue as the stress works on the rolling elements (steel balls) and the rolling contact surfaces (rails) constantly. Total travel distance until the first flaking occurs is called the life of linear guides.
- Rated Life
- Rated life is the total travel distance that 90% of linear guides of the same type can reach, under the same conditions, with no occurrence of flaking damage. Rated life can be calculated with the basic dynamic load rating and the actual load applied on the linear guides, as shown below.
-
- Load must be calculated before actually using linear guides. To obtain loads during linear reciprocating motion, it is necessary to fully consider vibrations and impacts during motion as well as distribution condition of the load applied to linear guides. So, it is not easy to calculation the loads. Operating temperature also critically affects the life. Considering these conditions, the above-mentioned calculation formula will be as follows.
-
- L: Rated Life (Km)
- fH: Hardness Factor (See Fig.1)
- fT: Temperature Factor (See Fig.2)
- fC: Contact Factor (See Table-1)
- fW: Load Factor (See Table-2)
- C: Basic Dynamic Load Rating (N)
- P: Applied Load (N)
- Hardness Factor (fH)
-
For liner guide applications, sufficient hardness is required for ball contact shafts. Inappropriate hardness causes less allowable load, resulting in shorter life.
Please correct the rated life with the hardness factor.
- Temperature Factor (fT)
-
When the temperature of linear guides exceeds 100°C, the hardness of guides and shafts will be reduced, and the allowable loads will also be reduced compared to being used at room temperature, causing a reduction of life. Please correct the rated life with the temperature factor.
* Please use Linear Guides at within the heat resistance temperature ranges shown on product pages.
- Contact Factor (fC)
-
Table-1. Contact Factor
Number of Blocks per Rail Contact Factor fC
1 1.00 2 0.81 3 0.72 4 0.66 5 0.61 For actual applications, more than two blocks are generally used per shaft. In this case, the load applied to each block varies depending on machining precision and is not uniformly distributed. As a result, per-linear guide allowable load varies depending on the number of linear guides per rail.
Please compensate rated life with Contact Factors on Table - 1.
- Load Factor (fW)
-
Table-2. Load Factor
Condition of Use fw No shocks / vibrations,
low speed: 15 m/min. or less1.0-1.5 No significant shocks / vibrations,
medium speed: 60 m/min. or less1.5-20 With shocks / vibrations,
high speed: 60 m/min. or more2.0-3.5 To calculate load applied to the Linear Guides, in addition to object weight, it requires inertia force attributed to motion velocity or moment loads. However, it is difficult to calculation the load accurately due to potential vibrations and shocks caused by other element than repeated start-stop motions during reciprocating motion.
Thus, table-2 load factor helps simplify the life calculation.
- Applied Load P Calculation Method
- When moment load is applied to each block, convert the moment load into applied load by the following formula.
-
- P: Applied Load (N)
- F: Downward load (N)
- Co: Static Load Rating (N)
- MA: Allowable Static Moment - Pitching Direction (N·m)
- MC: Allowable Static Moment - Rolling Direction (N·m)
- Lp: Load Point Distance (m) in Pitching Direction
- Lr: Load Point Distance (m) in Rolling Direction
Air Linear Guides
| Product name | Air Linear Guides - MPPU10 Series |
|---|---|
| Part number | MPPU10-30-SMT |
* Orange colored cells in the table below indicate the part numbers used in this example.
Selection criteria
Select a drive source with guides to omit the linear motion guide of one side.
Available sizes
■Air Linear Guides - MPPU10 Series
| Cyl. Bore | Horizontal (mm) | Vertical (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Stroke Length (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| φ10 | 27 | 70 | 20 | 15 |
| 85 | 30 | |||
| 100 | 45 | |||
| φ12 | 32 | 76 | 22 | 20 |
| 86 | 30 | |||
| 101 | 45 | |||
| 116 | 60 |
Accuracy Info
| Bore Dia. | φ10 | φ12 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke | 15/30/45 | 20/30/45 | 60 | |
| Parallelism | Plane C to Plane A | 0.02 | 0.02 | |
| Plane D to Plane B | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||
| Running Parallelism | Plane C to Plane A | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Plane D to Plane B | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.006 | |
| Perpendicularity | Plane C to Plane A | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
| Plane D to Plane B | 0.15 | 0.15 | ||
| J Dimension Tolerance | ±0.025 | ±0.025 | ||
| F Dimension Tolerance | ±0.2 | ±0.2 | ||
| G Dimension Tolerance | ±0.2 | ±0.2 | ||
| H Dimension Tolerance | ±0.05 | ±0.05 | ||
Performance info.
■Speeds / Loads (Load Info.) of Pneumatically Driven Linear Guides
■Operating Pressure Range
Min. Operating Pressure (MPa): 0.15
Max. Operating Pressure (MPa): 0.70
Pressure Resistance (Mpa): 1.05
■Theoretical Thrust
Unit: N
| Cyl. Bore | Operation Direction | Rod Dia. (mm) | Operating Pressure (MPa) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.4 | 0.5 | |||
| φ10 | Outstroke | φ4 | 31 | 39 |
| Instroke | 26 | 33 | ||
| φ12 | Outstroke | φ5 | 45 | 57 |
| Instroke | 37 | 47 | ||
■Basic Static Load Ratings / Allowable Static Moments
| Cyl. Bore | Stroke (mm) | Basic Static Load Rating Co(kN) | Allowable Load Moment N·m | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pitching | Yawing | Rolling | |||
| φ10 | 15/30/45 | 3.4 | 20.5 | 24.5 | 22.5 |
| φ12 | 20/30/45/60 | 4.9 | 32.3 | 38.2 | 41.1 |
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Application Overview
Purpose
- Operation
① A workpiece transferred by the conveyor is stopped by the sensor.
② The cylinder conducts synchronous centering.
③ The workpiece is adjusted.
Points for use
- Automatic operation by means of an air cylinder
Target workpiece
- Plastic boxes
- External dimensions: W120 x D106 x H50mm
- Workpiece weight: 1kg
Design Specifications
Operating Conditions or Design Requirements
- External dimensions: W176 x D330 x H109mm
- Cylinder stroke: 30mm
- Conveyor speed: 70mm/s
Required Performance
- Assumed outstroke force: 15N
Selection Criteria for Main Components
- Cylinder attached with a guide
- Select one that can conduct workpiece centering.
- Linear guides
- Select a guide that is suited for the claw size because the moment load is not large.
Design Evaluation
Verification of main components
- Verify the cylinder thrust for adequate workpiece centering force.
- Cylinder
- Conditional values: Workpiece weight F1 = 10N, part pushed and pulled by the cylinder F2 = 6N, shaft dia. d = 12mm, friction coefficient workpiece vs. conveyor μ1 = 0.8, friction coefficient of linear guides μ2 = 0.1, the shortest distance between shaft and cylinder L = 70mm, load factor = 0.5, operating pressure = 0.4MPa, tube inner dia. cross sectional area = π/4 x 102mm²
- Let the force to conduct workpiece centering be P [N]. Then, we have {(F1 x μ1) + (F2 x μ2)} x (d/2) = L × P . Thus, (10 x 0.8 + 6 x 0.1) x 6 = 70 x P → P = 0.74N
- Cylinder thrust = Load factor x Operating pressure x Tube inner dia. cross sectional area = 0.5 x 0.4MPa x π/4 x 102mm² = 15.7N > 0.74N
⇒No problem.
Other Design Consideration
- The workpiece centering position can be adjusted with the rod-end bearing. Furthermore, workpieces with different sizes can be handled because of sufficient room for screw adjustment.
- Has a compact structure because of the integration of the linear guides and air cylinder.
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